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01/2023 journal articles

EDITORIAL JOURNAL OF AGING, RESEARCH & LIFESTYLE

Ara S. Khachaturian

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:1-3

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CITATION:
Ara S. Khachaturian ; (2023): Editorial: Journal of Aging, Research & LifeStyle. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.1

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DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS IN OLDER ADULTS VIA MULTIMODAL MARKERS ON MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING: A LITERATURE REVIEW

M. Montoya-Martinez, C. Arbus, K. Virecoulon Giudici

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:4-13

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Depressive symptoms the most prevalent clinical condition in the field of mood disorders in older populations. Depressive symptoms are associated to poorer morbidity and mortality, and is considered a component of frailty and intrinsic capacity. Dementia could overlap with DS in clinical and brain abnormalities. Moreover, there are sex-differences in the field of Neuro- and Gero-science. To date, no review has addressed the neuro-anatomical basis of DS in older adults using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neither has investigated the discrimination of dementia nor sex-differences. This narrative review investigated studies about older adults; depressive symptoms evaluation via MRI, and published in English or Spanish over the past 7 years. Moreover, it evaluated dementia discrimination and sex-related differences. The most accurate evidence showed cerebral small vessel disease as a predictor of depressive symptoms worsening. Most studies were cross-sectional, with a coarse dementia screening and sex-unrepresentative samples. Cingulate cortex and hippocampus showed a negative association to depressive symptoms, and Precuneus cortex a positive association; although these inferences require further investigation. Additional research is needed to identify the brain imaging signature of depressive symptoms in older population (if any), and if this would be associated with sex and individuals’level of frailty and intrinsic capacity.

CITATION:
M. Montoya-Martinez ; C. Arbus ; K. Virecoulon Giudici ; (2023): Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults via Multimodal Markers on Magnetic Resonance Imaging: a Literature Review. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.2

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USING CLINICAL DECISION INTELLIGENCE APPLICATIONS TO IMPROVE PATHWAYS FOR EARLIER DETECTION OF UNDERRECOGNIZED COGNITIVE DISORDERS

A.S. Khachaturian, B. Cassin, G.R. Finney

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:14-17

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Cost estimates for care for those with dementia and other cognitive impairments are rising globally, estimated to reach US $1 trillion by 2025. Lack of specialized personnel, infrastructure, diagnostic capabilities, and healthcare access impedes the timely identification of patients progressing to dementia, particularly in underserved populations. International healthcare infrastructure may be unable to handle existing cases in addition to a sudden increase due to undiagnosed cognitive impairment and dementia. Healthcare bioinformatics offers a potential route for quicker access to healthcare services; however, a better preparedness plan must be implemented now if expected demands are to be met. The most critical consideration for implementing artificial intelligence/machine learning (AI/ML) -driven clinical decision intelligence applications (CDIA) is ensuring patients and practitioners take action on the information provided.

CITATION:
A.S. Khachaturian ; B. Cassin ; G.R. Finney ; (2023): Using Clinical Decision Intelligence Applications to Improve Pathways For Earlier Detection Of Underrecognized Cognitive Disorders. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.3

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VIEWPOINT: HOW TO IMPLEMENT INTEGRATED CARE FOR OLDER PERSONS—ICOPE— MASSIVELY IN CLINICAL PRACTICE FOR A HEALTHY LONGEVITY

B. Vellas

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:18-19

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CITATION:
B. Vellas ; (2023): How to Implement Integrated Care for Older Persons—ICOPE—Massively in Clinical Practice for a Healthy Longevity. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.4

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EDITORIAL: PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, EXERCISE, AND SEDENTARY TIME: INSIGHTS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF GEROSCIENCE

P. de Souto Barreto

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:20-22

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CITATION:
P. de Souto Barreto ; (2023): Editorial: Physical Activity, Exercise, and Sedentary Time: Insights for Future Research in the Field of Geroscience. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.5

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EDITORIAL: PERSPECTIVE ON FAILED TRIAL RE: EFFICACY OF NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENT TO PREVENT COGNITIVE DECLINE

Z.S Khachaturian

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:23-24

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CITATION:
Z.S Khachaturian ; (2023): Editorial: Perspective on Failed Trial Re: Efficacy of Nutritional Supplement to Prevent Cognitive Decline. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.6

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EFFECT OF A 1-YEAR NUTRITIONAL BLEND SUPPLEMENTATION ON PLASMA P-TAU181 AND GFAP LEVELS AMONG COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS: A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF THE NOLAN TRIAL

K.V. Giudici, P. de Souto Barreto, S. Guyonnet, C. Cantet, H. Zetterberg, C. Boschat, J. Hudry, S. Andrieu, J.A.J. Schmitt, B. Vellas, K. Blennow, for the NOLAN/DSA group

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:25-34

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BACKGROUND: Observational studies and some randomized controlled trials have suggested that nutritional supplementation could be a possible intervention pathway to prevent cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). As measuring amyloid-β and tau pathophysiology by positron emission tomography (PET) or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analyses may be perceived as complex, plasma versions of such biomarkers have emerged as more accessible alternatives with comparable capacity of predicting cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a 1-year intervention with a nutritional blend on plasma p-tau181 and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels in community-dwelling older adults. Effects were further assessed in exploratory analyses within sub-cohorts stratified according to p-tau status (with the third tertile considered as high: ≥15.1 pg/mL) and to apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele status. METHODS: A total of 289 participants ≥70 years (56.4% female, mean age 78.1 years, SD=4.7) of the randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled Nolan trial had their plasma p-tau181 assessed, and daily took either a nutritional blend (composed of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folic acid, cobalamin, vitamin E, vitamin C, vitamin D, choline, selenium, citrulline, eicosapentaenoic acid – EPA, and docosahexaenoic acid – DHA) or placebo for 1 year. RESULTS: After 1-year, both groups presented a significant increase in plasma p-tau181 and GFAP values, with no effect of the intervention (p-tau181 between-group difference: 0.27pg/mL, 95%CI: -0.95, 1.48; p=0.665; GFAP between-group difference: -3.28 pg/mL, 95%CI: -17.25, 10.69; p=0.644). P-tau- and APOE ε4-stratified analyses provided similar findings. CONCLUSIONS: In community-dwelling older adults, we observed an increase in plasma p-tau181 and GFAP levels that was not different between the supplementation groups after one year.

CITATION:
K.V. Giudici ; P. de Souto Barreto ; S. Guyonnet ; C. Cantet ; H. Zetterberg ; C. Boschat ; J. Hudry ; S. Andrieu ; J.A.J. Schmitt ; B. Vellas ; K. Blennow ; for the NOLAN/DSA group ; ; (2023): Effect of a 1-Year Nutritional Blend Supplementation on Plasma p-tau181 and GFAP Levels among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Secondary Analysis of the Nolan Trial. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.7

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THE COMPARATIVE EFFECTIVENESS OF MONOTHERAPY AND COMBINATION THERAPIES: IMPACT OF ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR BLOCKERS ON THE ONSET OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

Y. Wang, M. Li, L.E. Kazis, W. Xia

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:35-45

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BACKGROUND: The criteria for use of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) drug Leqembi recommended by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) include patients aged 65 years or older with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild AD. Comorbidities that include hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes are common among these patients. OBJECTIVES: Our objective is to investigate the comparative effectiveness of the administration of one, two, or three medications belonging to the categories of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), Beta Blockers, Statins, and Metformin, for their potential to delay the clinical onset of AD and provide a window of opportunity for therapeutic intervention. DESIGN: Retrospective matched case-control study. SETTING: Data from the Department of Veterans Affairs national corporate data warehouse. PARTICIPANTS: We conducted an analysis of 122,351 participants (13,611 with AD and 108,740 without AD), aged 65-89, who began at least one of the prescribed medication classes under investigation between October 1998 and April 2018. MEASUREMENTS: We utilized Cox proportional hazard regressions, both with and without propensity score weighting, to estimate hazard ratios (HR) associated with the use of different medication combinations for the pre-symptomatic survival time of AD onset. Additionally, we employed a supervised machine learning algorithm (random forest) to assess the relative importance of various therapies in predicting the occurrence of AD. RESULT: Adding Metformin to the combination of ACEI+Beta Blocker (HR = 0.56, 95% CI (0.41, 0.77)) reduced the risk of AD onset compared to ACEI monotherapy alone (HR = 0.91, (0.85, 0.98)), Beta Blocker monotherapy (HR = 0.86, 95% CI (0.80, 0.92)), or combined ACEI+Beta Blocker (HR=0.85, 95%CI (0.77, 0.94)), when statin prescribers were used as a reference. Prescriptions of ARB alone or the combination of ARB with Beta Blocker showed an association with a lower risk of AD onset. CONCLUSION: Selected medications for the treatment of multiple chronic conditions among elderly individuals with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes as monotherapy or combination therapies lengthen the pre-symptomatic period before the onset of AD.

CITATION:
Y. Wang ; M. Li ; L.E. Kazis ; W. Xia ; ; (2023): The Comparative Effectiveness of Monotherapy and Combination Therapies: Impact of Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on the Onset of Alzheimer’s Disease. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.8

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DAYTIME SLEEPINESS IS ASSOCIATED WITH LOWER COGNITIVE SCORES: THE LOOK AHEAD STUDY

K.M. Hayden, A. Anderson, A.P. Spira, M.-P. St-Onge, J. Ding, M. Culkin, D. Molina-Henry, A.H. Sanderlin, D. Reboussin, J. Bahnson, M.A. Espeland

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:46-55

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BACKGROUND: Daytime sleepiness is common in older adults and may result from poor nighttime sleep due to sleep disordered breathing, fragmented sleep, or other sleep disorders. Daytime sleepiness may be associated with cognition in older adults. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the association between self-reported daytime sleepiness and cognitive function in the Look AHEAD clinical trial. DESIGN: Observational follow-up of a randomized clinical trial of an intensive lifestyle intervention. SETTING: Clinic. PARTICIPANTS: Participants (n=1,778) aged 45-76 years at baseline with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity. INTERVENTIONS: Participants were randomized to an intensive lifestyle intervention for weight loss or a control condition of diabetes support and education. MEASUREMENTS: Participants provided self-reported levels of daytime sleepiness at baseline and years 12-13. Cognitive function was assessed with a neurocognitive battery at years 12-13 and 18-20. RESULTS: Participants who reported having frequent daytime sleepiness (often or always) performed significantly worse than others on the cognitive composite (-0.35; p-value=0.014) after controlling for covariates. When stratified by intervention arm, participants assigned to the intensive lifestyle intervention who reported often/always having daytime sleepiness performed worse on Digit Symbol Coding (-0.63; p-value=0.05) and Trail Making Part-B (-0.56; p-value=0.02) after controlling for covariates. Statistical interactions revealed associations between daytime sleepiness and the following covariates: race and ethnicity, APOE ε4 carrier status, baseline history of cardiovascular disease, and depression. CONCLUSIONS: Daytime sleepiness over ~13 years predicted poorer cognitive performance in older individuals who, by virtue of having diabetes and overweight/obesity, are at high risk for sleep disorders and cognitive impairment.

CITATION:
K.M. Hayden ; A. Anderson ; A.P. Spira ; M.-P. St-Onge ; J. Ding ; M. Culkin ; D. Molina-Henry ; A.H. Sanderlin ; D. Reboussin ; J. Bahnson ; M.A. Espeland ; (2023): Daytime Sleepiness Is Associated with Lower Cognitive Scores: The Look AHEAD Study. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.9

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COMBINED EXERCISE AND EDUCATION PROGRAM: EFFECT OF SMALLER GROUP SIZE AND LONGER DURATION ON PHYSICAL FUNCTION AND SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT AMONG COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS

S. Yamamoto, D. Ishii, K. Ishibashi, Y. Okamoto, K. Kawamura, Y. Takasaki, M. Tagami, K. Tanamachi, Y. Kohno

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:56-60

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BACKGROUND: Exercise, education, and social engagement are critical interventions for older adults for a healthy life expectancy and to improve their physical function. OBJECTIVE: To conduct a combined exercise and education (CEE) program for improved social engagement and physical function of older adults. DESIGN: Based on a short-term program we conducted in our previous study, in this study, the program was conducted for half the number of participants of the earlier study but for a longer duration. SETTING: A community of older adults in Ami, Japan, was the setting of the study. PARTICIPANTS: 23 healthy older adults >65 years living in the community were the participants in the study. INTERVENTIONS: Five 80-minute sessions conducted once in two weeks comprised 60-min exercise instruction and 20-min educational lectures per session on health. We examined the improvement in physical and social engagement before and after participation. Physical function and health-related questionnaire data were collected before and after the program. RESULTS: Data analysis from 15 participants showed improved physical performance but no effect on social engagement. CONCLUSIONS: A higher program frequency, rather than program duration, may be vital to improving exercise performance and social engagement and maximizing the effects of high group cohesion in small groups. Further studies are needed to develop more effective interventions to extend healthy life expectancy.

CITATION:
S. Yamamoto ; D. Ishii ; K. Ishibashi ; Y. Okamoto ; K. Kawamura ; Y. Takasaki ; M. Tagami ; K. Tanamachi ; Y. Kohno ; (2023): Combined Exercise and Education Program: Effect of Smaller Group Size and Longer Duration on Physical Function and Social Engagement among Community-Dwelling Older Adults. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.10

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BETA 1,3-1,6 GLUCANS PRODUCED BY TWO NOVEL STRAINS OF AUREOBASIDIUM PULLULANS EXERT IMMUNE AND METABOLIC BENEFICIAL EFFECTS IN HEALTHY MIDDLE-AGED JAPANESE MEN: RESULTS OF AN EXPLORATORY RANDOMIZED CONTROL STUDY

N. Ikewaki, T. Sonoda, G. Kurosawa, M. Iwasaki, V. Devaprasad Dedeepiya, R. Senthilkumar, S. Preethy, S.J.K. Abraham

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:61-71

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OBJECTIVES: In this pilot study, we have evaluated the specific metabolic and immune-related benefits of the AFO-202 strain and N-163 strain of black yeast Aureobasidium pullulans-produced beta 1,3-1,6 glucan in healthy human subjects. METHODS: Sixteen healthy Japanese male volunteers (aged 40 to 60 years) took part in this clinical trial. They were divided into four groups (n = 4 each): Group I consumed AFO-202 beta-glucan (2 sachets of 1 g each per day), IA for 35 days and IB for 21 days; Group II consumed a combination of AFO-202 beta-glucan (2 sachets of 1 g each) and N-163 beta-glucan (1 sachet of 15 g gel each per day), IIA for 35 days and IIB for 21 days. RESULTS: Decrease in HbA1C and glycated albumin (GA), significant increase of eosinophils and monocytes and marginal decrease in D-dimer levels, decrease in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), with an increase in the lymphocyte-to-CRP ratio (LCR) and leukocyte-to-CRP ratio (LeCR) was observed in Group I between pre- and post-treatment. Decrease in total and LDL cholesterol, a decrease of CD11b, serum ferritin, galectin-3 and fibrinogen were profound in Group II between pre- and post-treatment. However, there was no statistically significant difference between day 21 and day 35 among the groups. CONCLUSION: This outcome warrants larger clinical trials to explore the potentials of these safe food supplements in the prevention and prophylaxis of diseases due to dysregulated metabolism, such as fatty liver disease, and infections such as COVID-19 in which balanced immunomodulation are of utmost importance, besides their administration as an adjunct to existing therapeutic approaches of both communicable and non-communicable diseases.

CITATION:
N. Ikewaki ; T. Sonoda ; G. Kurosawa ; M. Iwasaki ; V. Devaprasad Dedeepiya ; R. Senthilkumar ; S. Preethy ; S.J.K. Abraham ; (2023): Beta 1,3-1,6 Glucans Produced by Two Novel Strains of Aureobasidium Pullulans Exert Immune and Metabolic Beneficial Effects in Healthy Middle-aged Japanese Men: Results of an Exploratory Randomized Control Study. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.11

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NOVEL SCREENING TOOL USING NON-LINGUISTIC VOICE FEATURES DERIVED FROM SIMPLE PHRASES TO DETECT MILD COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT AND DEMENTIA

D. Mizuguchi, T. Yamamoto, Y. Omiya, K. Endo, K. Tano, M. Oya, S. Takano

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:72-76

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Appropriate intervention and care in detecting cognitive impairment early are essential to effectively prevent the progression of cognitive deterioration. Diagnostic voice analysis is a noninvasive and inexpensive screening method that could be useful for detecting cognitive deterioration at earlier stages such as mild cognitive impairment. We aimed to distinguish between patients with dementia or mild cognitive impairment and healthy controls by using purely acoustic features (i.e., nonlinguistic features) extracted from two simple phrases. Voice was analyzed on 195 recordings from 150 patients (age, 45–95 years). We applied a machine learning algorithm (LightGBM; Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA) to test whether the healthy control, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia groups could be accurately classified, based on acoustic features. Our algorithm performed well: area under the curve was 0.81 and accuracy, 66.7% for the 3-class classification. Thus, our vocal biomarker is useful for automated assistance in diagnosing early cognitive deterioration.

CITATION:
D. Mizuguchi ; T. Yamamoto ; Y. Omiya ; K. Endo ; K. Tano ; M. Oya ; S. Takano ; (2023): Novel Screening Tool Using Non-linguistic Voice Features Derived from Simple Phrases to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.12

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BLUEBERRY SUPPLEMENTATION EFFECTS ON NEURONAL AND PATHOLOGICAL BIOMARKERS IN SUBJECTS AT RISK FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE: A PILOT STUDY

P.M. Doraiswamy, M.G. Miller, C.A. Hellegers, A. Nwosu, J. Choe, D.M. Murdoch

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:77-83

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BACKGROUND: There is a need to develop non-invasive practical lifestyle interventions for preventing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in people at risk, such as those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Blueberry consumption has been associated with reduced risk of dementia in some epidemiologic studies and with improvements in cognition in healthy aging adults. Blood-based biomarkers have emerged at the forefront of AD therapeutics research spurred by the development of reliable ultra-sensitive “single-molecule array” assays with 100-1000-fold greater sensitivity over traditional platforms. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of blueberry supplementation in MCI on six blood biomarkers: amyloid-beta 40 (Aβ40), amyloid-beta 42 (Aβ42), phosphorylated Tau181 (ptau181), neurofilament light (NfL), Glial Fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF). METHODS: This was a 12-week, open-label, pilot trial of 10 participants with MCI (mean age 80.2 years + 5.16). Subjects consumed 36 grams per day of lyophilized blueberry powder in a split dose consumed with breakfast and dinner. Baseline and endpoint venous blood was analyzed using an ultrasensitive SIMOA assay. Our aim was to test if blueberry supplementation would particularly impact p-tau181, NfL, and GFAP elevations associated with the neurodegenerative process. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant (p < 0.05) changes from baseline to endpoint for any of the biomarker values or in the ratios of Aβ42 / Aβ40 and ptau181/ Aβ42. Adverse effects were mild and transient; supplementation was relatively well tolerated with all subjects completing the study. CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this is the first study to prospectively examine the effects of blueberry supplementation on a panel of blood biomarkers reflecting the neurodegenerative process. Our findings raise two possibilities - a potential stabilization of the neurodegenerative process or a lack of a direct and acute effect on beta-amyloid/tau/glial markers. A larger controlled study is warranted.

CITATION:
P.M. Doraiswamy ; M.G. Miller ; C.A. Hellegers ; A. Nwosu ; J. Choe ; D.M. Murdoch (2023): Blueberry Supplementation Effects on Neuronal and Pathological Biomarkers in Subjects at Risk for Alzheimer’s Disease: A Pilot Study. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.13

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ERRATUM TO: BLUEBERRY SUPPLEMENTATION EFFECTS ON NEURONAL AND PATHOLOGICAL BIOMARKERS IN SUBJECTS AT RISK FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE: A PILOT STUDY

P.M. Doraiswamy, M.G. Miller, C.A. Hellegers, A. Nwosu, J. Choe, D.M. Murdoch

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:84

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PREVALENCE AND PATTERNS OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN A SAMPLE OF COMMUNITY DWELLING OLDER PEOPLE IN NIGERIA

V. Ucheagwu, B. Giordani

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:85-92

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OBJECTIVE: Prevalence and patterns of cognitive impairment were studied in older people from Nigeria. METHOD: Four hundred and forty one participants (263 females; age: 60-87) were recruited from community dwelling adults in Anambra state Nigeria. Five domains of cognition were tested using the Uniform Data Set Version 3 (UDS-3). RESULT: Prevalence: 49.7% were classified as normal cognition, 34% as borderline, 12.9% as MCI (2.72% with amnesic MCI) and 3.4% as dementia. We showed in descending order in that 13% of the participants were impaired on visual-spatial index; 6.8% on memory index; 5.2% on attention/concentration index; 2.7% were impaired on executive function index and 34.80% (based on mean) of the participants were impaired on processing speed index. There were significant interaction effects for gender and education on visual spatial and attention domains respectively. Significant effects of education were seen on executive function and processing speed while interaction effect was found on executive function alone. 8% scored 1.5 SD below the mean on MoCA. There was a significant effect of education on MoCA with the pairwise comparison showing a significant difference between tertiary education and other two levels of education. The groups did differ significantly for hypertension on MoCA. CONCLUSION: This study showed a high prevalence of cognitive impairment among older adult population from Nigeria. A significant proportion of the sample were impaired on the visual spatial domain and at least half of the participants were impaired on one cognitive domain. Hypertensive participants performed significantly poor on MoCA compared to non-hypertensive group.

CITATION:
V. Ucheagwu ; B. Giordani ; (2023): Prevalence and Patterns of Cognitive Impairment in a Sample of Community Dwelling Older People in Nigeria. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.15

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LIFESTYLE AND FRAILTY AMONG IRANIAN COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS: PILOT STUDY

S. Nazari, M. Bakhtiyary, A.N. Shabestari, F. Sharifi, P.F. Afshar

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:93-99

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BACKGROUND: Aging affects physical, mental, and social functions, which can lead to an increase in frailty. Old adults with frailty syndrome are prone to disabilities and hospitalization. Lifestyle is a context-based factor that has the potential to prevent frailty. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the relationship between lifestyle and frailty among Iranian community-dwelling older adults. DESIGN, SETTING: This is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study. The participants were 513 older adults over 60 years by the convenience sampling method from the retirement center. MEASUREMENTS: Data were collected using Tilberg’s frailty index, the Iranian elderly lifestyle questionnaire, and the Mini-Cog test. Data were analyzed with SPSS v.26 software by chi-square and logistic regression tests. RESULTS: The age of the participants was 66.43 ± 4.69 years. The male-to-female sex ratio was 1.5 (39.2% women). The lifestyle of 96 (19.3%) old adults was unfavorable. 18.7 percent of older adults had Frailty syndrome. The logistic regression test showed that moderate and favorable lifestyle (OR= 0.06; 95% CI: 0.02-0.16), age over 75 years (OR= 5.25; 95% CI: 2.35-11.69), retired employment status (OR= 0.13; 95% CI: 0.29-0.05) are factors that have a significant relationship with frailty (P< 0.05). CONCLUSION: The findings showed that lifestyle can predict frailty. Therefore, it seems that an optimal lifestyle can prevent the frailty of older adults.

CITATION:
S. Nazari ; M. Bakhtiyary ; A.N. Shabestari ; F. Sharifi ; P.F. Afshar (2023): Relationship between Lifestyle and Frailty among Iranian Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Pilot Study. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.16

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DISCRIMINATION OF FRAILTY PHENOTYPE BY KINECTTM-BASED STEPPING PARAMETERS

Y. Osuka, N. Takeshima, N. Kojima, T. Kohama, E. Fujita, M. Kusunoki, Y. Kato, W.F. Brechue, H. Sasai

J Aging Res & Lifestyle 2023;12:100-104

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Background: Frailty increases the risk of falling, hospitalization, and premature death, necessitating practical early-detection tools. OBJECTIVES: To examine the discriminative ability of KinectTM-based stepping parameters for identifying frailty phenotype DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional study SETTING: Eighteen neighborhoods near Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi, Tokyo, Japan. PARTICIPANTS: In total, 563 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥75 years without mobility limitations, neurological disease, or dementia were included. MEASUREMENTS: Step number (SN) and knee total movement distance (KMD) during a 20-s stepping test were evaluated using the KinectTM infrared depth sensor. RESULTS: The number (%) of participants with frailty were 51 (9.1). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (95% confidence interval) of a parameter consisting of SN and KMD for frailty was 0.72 (0.64, 0.79). CONCLUSIONS: Stepping parameters evaluated using KinectTM provided acceptable ability in identifying frailty phenotype, making it a practical screening tool in primary care and home settings.

CITATION:
Y. Osuka ; N. Takeshima ; N. Kojima ; T. Kohama ; E. Fujita ; M. Kusunoki ; Y. Kato ; W.F. Brechue ; H. Sasai ; (2023): Discrimination of Frailty Phenotype by KinectTM-Based Stepping Parameters. The Journal of Aging and Lifestyle (JARLife). http://dx.doi.org/10.14283/jarlife.2023.17

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